1. Khadijah bint Khuwaylid: The first wife of Prophet Muhammad,(PBUH) she was a successful businesswoman and one of the first converts to Islam. Khadijah supported Muhammad emotionally and financially, playing a pivotal role in the early years of Islam.

2. Aisha bint Abi Bakr: Another of Muhammad’s wives, Aisha was known for her intelligence and knowledge. She became a significant figure in early Islamic scholarship and is often cited as a source of hadith (prophetic traditions).

3. Fatimah bint Muhammad: The daughter of the Prophet Muhammad, Fatimah is revered for her strength and virtue. She was the mother of Hasan and Husayn, who are important figures in Islamic history, particularly in Shiite Islam.

4. Rufaidah al-Aslamiyyah: Often considered the first female nurse in Islamic history, she provided medical care to wounded soldiers during battles and is an early example of women contributing to society through healthcare.

5. Zainab bint Ali: The granddaughter of Muhammad and the daughter of Fatimah, Zainab is remembered for her courage and resilience during the Battle of Karbala. She played a crucial role in advocating for justice after the tragedy that befell her family.

6. Nusaybah bint Ka’ab: A warrior and companion of the Prophet, she fought in several battles, including Uhud. Her bravery and dedication to Islam make her a notable figure in Islamic history.

7. Al-Shifa bint Abdullah: An early Muslim woman who was known for her knowledge of medicine and healing. She served as a physician and contributed to the healthcare of the community in Medina.

8. Amina Wadud: A contemporary Islamic feminist and scholar, Wadud is known for her work in promoting gender equality within Islam. She made headlines in 2005 for leading a mixed-gender prayer, challenging traditional gender roles in religious practices.

These women, among many others, have significantly contributed to the development of Islamic thought, leadership, and social progress throughout history.